The spent acid is first neutralized with ammonia or ammonia to control the pH value to 4.5, and the hydroxides of aluminum , titanium , vanadium and chromium are precipitated first, and the precipitate is first dissolved with a small amount of waste acid, and then hydrolyzed to form titanic acid precipitated by titanium. The hydrolyzed mother liquor after separation of titanium is added with an appropriate amount of ammonia or ammonium sulfate, and after cooling to below 20 ° C, ammonium alum is precipitated. Its reaction formula is as follows:
Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 +2(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 +24H 2 O===2(NH 4 )2SO 4 ·Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ·2H 2 O
The mother liquor after separation of ammonium alum is neutralized with ammonia to form vanadium hydroxide to precipitate vanadium hydroxide, and the precipitate is mixed with sodium chloride, and then calcined and then ammonium chloride is converted into high-purity ammonium metavanadate. Its reaction formula is as follows:
The first mother liquor after separation hydroxide under stirring in air to ammonia and, iron oxide hydrate, iron after firing is converted into a red pigment. The mother liquor by fractional crystallization, separation of ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate ammonium. The process of comprehensive utilization of waste acid in Shiyuan method is shown in the figure below.
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