With the recent announcement by Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum Group Corporation, its subsidiary, Shaanxi Xinghua Group, is preparing to start construction on a technical upgrade project that combines coal-to-synthetic ammonia and methanol production, with a capacity of 300,000 tons per year each. This project is expected to begin before and after the Spring Festival, marking a significant step in the company's expansion into the coal chemical industry.
Notably, all four major oil companies in China—Sinopec, PetroChina, CNOOC, and CNPC—have entered the coal chemical sector, driven by the declining availability of oil and gas resources and the relative abundance of coal. These energy giants are now racing to secure a foothold in this emerging market, often collaborating with power and coal companies to accelerate their development.
"China and the world are facing increasing depletion of oil and gas resources, making extraction more challenging," said an official from Shaanxi Yanchang Group. "Coal, on the other hand, is more abundant. By developing petrochemicals, we can seize opportunities in the coal chemical industry without worrying about resource shortages."
Sinopec was among the first to enter the coal chemical field, starting in 2000 by transforming its fertilizer plants into coal-based facilities. The company has since shifted focus toward coal chemicals, aiming to expand into this relatively new area. Its strategy involves upstream and downstream integration, with plans to invest over 50 billion yuan in Xinjiang for coal mining and chemical projects.
PetroChina followed suit by signing a letter of intent with Inner Mongolia Energy Corporation in August last year to develop a coal chemical project in Inner Mongolia. Similarly, CNOOC established a joint venture in Shanxi and invested heavily in large-scale synthetic ammonia and urea projects. In October, it also launched a major coal chemical project in Baotou, Inner Mongolia, with a methanol production capacity of 1.8 million tons per year.
Power companies have not been far behind. Datang International Power Generation Co., Ltd. made its first move into coal chemistry in 2006 with a 16.2 billion yuan investment in the MTP project in Inner Mongolia. Since then, all five major state-owned power groups have actively entered the coal chemical industry.
China Huaneng Group, for instance, set up a subsidiary in Xinjiang to advance coal chemical projects in the Junggar region. It also partnered with local governments in Jilin and Ningxia to launch several coal chemical initiatives. Meanwhile, China Power Investment Corporation signed agreements with the Ningxia government to invest billions in coal chemical projects between 2008 and 2015.
The coal industry itself has also taken bold steps. Shenhua Group initiated a 5 million-ton-per-year coal-to-oil project in Inner Mongolia in 2004, becoming one of the largest coal-to-liquid projects in China. Other coal companies such as Yankuang and Yitai have also ventured into coal-to-oil projects in various regions.
Shaanxi Coal Industry Group, the largest coal enterprise in Shaanxi, has expanded its reach by establishing the Shaanxi Coal Chemical Group Corporation, which includes companies like Shaanxi Suihua and Shanhua. With the launch of its coking coal and dimethyl ether projects, the group aims to produce over 5 million tons annually by 2010, generating more than 50 billion yuan in revenue and becoming a leading player in the coal chemical industry.
A coal company CEO shared a simple yet revealing calculation: "A ton of coal costs less than 300 yuan, but methanol sells for 3,000 yuan per ton. Even if it takes 1.5 tons of coal to make one ton of methanol, the value added is over 900 yuan per ton." He added, "If we can add more value by processing coal into chemicals, why just sell raw coal?" His words highlight the growing appeal of coal chemistry as a profitable and strategic move for energy companies.
Tail Light

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