The rapid development of the automotive industry not only brings unlimited business opportunities to the rubber industry, but also comes with more and more “black pollution†– used tires. Recycling used tire resources is not only turning waste into treasure, but also complying with current environmental policies and eliminating “black pollutionâ€.
Introduction to rubber powder
At present, the way to recycle used tires in China is mainly to produce rubber powder. The rubber powder, that is, the powder rubber, is a white, yellow or amber, translucent powder rubber material obtained by pulverizing the waste rubber product, and is generally processed into 5-120 mesh. As early as 1930, the United States began research on powder rubber. However, its development was very slow. Until the end of the 1990s, the technology for producing rubber powder from waste rubber products was rapidly developed.
Classification of rubber powder
Rubber powder production process
Most of the raw materials of rubber powder are from used tires. The production process is as follows:
Waste tire pre-processing
Waste tires will generally have other non-metallic fibers and a rubber reinforcing material, and therefore should be pre-processed before pulverizing the waste tire rubber, including sorting, cutting ring, cutting, dicing and other processing. And because the tires are in contact with the ground for a long time, mixed with a lot of impurities such as sand, should be washed first with a drum washing machine to ensure the quality of the rubber powder.
Crush
The pulverization process is the most important process for making rubber powder. The comminution includes dry pulverization and wet pulverization.
Dry crushing
Dry pulverization is divided into low temperature freezing pulverization and room temperature pulverization.
(1) Low temperature freezing and crushing
(2) room temperature crushing
The room temperature pulverization mainly uses shearing to cut and crush the waste rubber, and is generally divided into two processes of coarse crushing and fine crushing. At normal temperature pulverization, the normal temperature rolling method and the continuous pulverization method are most commonly used. The normal temperature pulverization method is the main method for the production of rubber powder in the world, and has good technical economy.
Normal temperature rolling process:
Continuous pulverization process:
Wet crushing
Wet pulverization is also known as ultrafine pulverization, including solution methods and fatty acid-caustic processes.
(1) Solution method
Water suspension pulverization process:
Solvent pulverization process:
(2) Fatty acid-caustic method:
Fatty acid-caustic pulverization is the plasticization of 3% fatty acid by coarse rubber powder, and then the caustic soda embrittlement is crushed by a colloid mill. The specific process is as follows:
to sum up
The production of foreign rubber powder has been developed in the direction of processing automation and product serialization. Domestic research on rubber powder production technology and production equipment started late. At present, most of the domestic use of normal temperature rolling and crushing method, the production process and product quality need to be improved, and the production enterprises are not scaled, the rubber powder variety is small, and the application field is narrow. In addition to accelerating resource integration, the future development of the rubber powder industry should also be oriented towards product refinement, production automation, variety diversification and application expansion.
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