Lack of overall advantages. China's auto and parts exports are difficult to be optimistic.
In 2003, China's auto exports, including spare parts, reached $400 million, while the export of auto parts alone hit $4.31 billion, marking increases of 64.3% and 32.1% respectively. These figures indicated a strong upward trend in the sector. However, during an interview at the "Expanded Automobile and Parts Export Seminar" organized by the Ministry of Commerce, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Jilin Provincial Government, and the Changchun Municipal Government, Vice Minister of Commerce Wei Jianguo expressed concerns about the long-term sustainability of this growth.
Wei pointed out that with China’s entry into the WTO, key industries that are vital to the national economy would face even greater changes and challenges. Many sectors, including the automotive industry, were expected to complete their tariff and non-tariff concession transitions within five years, with many reaching the end of their transitional periods by the end of 2003. This meant increased competition and pressure on domestic manufacturers.
Despite the positive growth, China’s auto and auto parts exports in 2003 totaled only $4.71 billion, accounting for just 0.4% of global auto trade and 1% of China’s electromechanical exports. The industry still faced significant structural issues, such as fragmentation, lack of coordination, low quality, and small-scale operations. These problems had not yet been fundamentally resolved.
Wei outlined both opportunities and challenges. On the positive side, the global automotive industry was undergoing restructuring, with manufacturing shifting toward China. Additionally, Chinese auto parts were gradually moving from labor-intensive, low-end products to higher-quality, more advanced items that met international standards. Many countries also showed optimism about China’s growing role in the global auto market.
However, the challenges remained substantial. The industry was still characterized by small, scattered enterprises, limited production scale, unclear export directions, and a lack of strategic focus. To address these issues, the Ministry of Commerce set specific development goals: in the short term, focus on labor- and material-intensive products while gradually increasing the export of high-tech, high-value goods. It also aimed to expand the overseas after-market and reach over 30% of the supporting market by 2005, with auto and parts exports reaching between $15 and $20 billion.
In the long run, the goal was to increase the share of capital- and technology-intensive products. By 2010, the supporting market should exceed 60%, with technology- and capital-intensive products making up over 60% of total exports, which would push the overall value of auto and parts exports to $70 billion. The aim was to build a strong, competitive export base capable of sustaining long-term growth in the global market.
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