The bottom structure of the flat-bottom mining roadway is characterized by combining the horizontal level and the secondary crushing level at the same height, even at the same level as the transportation level. Removed from the bottom of the structure tunneling difficult Cut with roadway (e.g., hopper patio, funnel, slip mines, etc.), so back to the mine housing bottom planar shape, plucked ore water almost to form a triangular heap in the undercut, so The bottom structure is called the "flat bottom column".
The flat-bottomed bottom structure has different bottom structure forms in the ore bodies with different thicknesses, depending on the mining equipment used, as explained below.
(i) Flat-bottomed bottom structure for mining thick ore bodies
It is a flat-bottomed bottom structure with electric rafts. A sloping mine and an electric winch chamber are arranged at one end of the electric raft. The ore outlet is arranged on one side or both sides of the electric raft , and the section is 2.5*3m. The spacing of the mining ports is 7~8m . Dig into the bottom roadway at the same level as the electric ramp , and then use the fan-shaped deep hole to form a 5~7m high bottoming space. The mine-traveled roadway has a simple structure, a small amount of cutting work, high cutting efficiency, good ore-mining conditions, and low amount of bottom pillars.
However, after the end of the mine release, the triangular ore heap remaining in the stope will not be recovered until the next stage of recovery, and the loss and depletion of this part of the ore are large. In a flat-bottomed column, the ore-bearing surface is horizontal or inclined. The bottom is formed with the forming plane and the elbow. The caving ore is released by transporting (loading) the discharge port in the roadway.
Compared with the funnel, the advantages of the flat bottom structure are: ( 1 ) the ore-concentrating intensity is high, and the ore-mining conditions are good; ( 2 ) the structure is simple, the bottom column is small; ( 3 ) the ore-mining conditions are greatly improved, and the ore blockage times are reduced 2 /3~3/4 , and the blockage is at the level of the ore discharge port, thus reducing the work of eliminating the ore blockage; ( 4 ) The work of cutting and pulling the bottom is combined, and the cutting work efficiency is high.
Advantages of the flat bottom compared with the trench: ( 1 ) The productivity of the transport is increased by about 32% , ( 2 ) the pure working time of the transport is increased by 20% ; ( 3 ) the time of the secondary crushing is reduced by 37% ; ( 4 ) The consumption of broken explosives is reduced by 8% ; ( 5 ) The cutting work on the horizontal layer is reduced by 25% .
It is a flat-bottomed bottom structure loaded with a loader of the Dajishan tungsten mine . The loader in the loading lane is used to load the mine car located in the transportation lane . The loading machine road is perpendicular to the transportation lane, and the spacing is 8~10m and the length is about 10m . The loading machine has a width of 2.2m and a height of 2~2.6 .
The advantages of this bottom structure: less excavation work, safe operation and high mining efficiency; cutting work is conducive to mechanized operation, improved working conditions and improved construction efficiency. The disadvantages are: The secondary crushing and ventilation conditions are poor, the equipment utilization rate of the loader is not high, and the equipment is easily damaged when the large block is fried.
The non-division screen used in the stage mining method of the deep hole collapse mine in the Dajishan tungsten mine has a flat bottom structure with a secondary crushing horizontal layer of gravity from the shovel.
The Dajishan tungsten mine was originally produced by electric shovel. Due to the large number of blocks, the effect was poor, and the steel rope was worn quickly, and the flat bottom structure was changed.
The advantages of the bottomless structure of the secondary crushing and self-sliding out of the mine are: ( 1 ) Without the sieve, the size of the qualified ore block can be increased from 300 to 400 mm to 600 mm, and (2) the sieve crushing chamber is eliminated. Installation and repair costs, ( 3 ) to eliminate the stoppage caused by damage to the grid.
The disadvantages of the bottomless structure of the secondary crushing and the secondary crushing are: ( 1 ) The ore block control is complicated. Therefore, the unqualified large block enters the slipping mine and undergoes secondary crushing in the lower part, resulting in the funnel. The destruction of the mouth device, ( 2 ) the amount of cutting and cutting work is large; ( 3 ) the labor used in the mining is large.
The flat-bottomed bottom structure has different bottom structure forms in the ore bodies with different thicknesses, depending on the mining equipment used, as explained below.
(i) Flat-bottomed bottom structure for mining thick ore bodies
It is a flat-bottomed bottom structure with electric rafts. A sloping mine and an electric winch chamber are arranged at one end of the electric raft. The ore outlet is arranged on one side or both sides of the electric raft , and the section is 2.5*3m. The spacing of the mining ports is 7~8m . Dig into the bottom roadway at the same level as the electric ramp , and then use the fan-shaped deep hole to form a 5~7m high bottoming space. The mine-traveled roadway has a simple structure, a small amount of cutting work, high cutting efficiency, good ore-mining conditions, and low amount of bottom pillars.
However, after the end of the mine release, the triangular ore heap remaining in the stope will not be recovered until the next stage of recovery, and the loss and depletion of this part of the ore are large. In a flat-bottomed column, the ore-bearing surface is horizontal or inclined. The bottom is formed with the forming plane and the elbow. The caving ore is released by transporting (loading) the discharge port in the roadway.
Compared with the funnel, the advantages of the flat bottom structure are: ( 1 ) the ore-concentrating intensity is high, and the ore-mining conditions are good; ( 2 ) the structure is simple, the bottom column is small; ( 3 ) the ore-mining conditions are greatly improved, and the ore blockage times are reduced 2 /3~3/4 , and the blockage is at the level of the ore discharge port, thus reducing the work of eliminating the ore blockage; ( 4 ) The work of cutting and pulling the bottom is combined, and the cutting work efficiency is high.
Advantages of the flat bottom compared with the trench: ( 1 ) The productivity of the transport is increased by about 32% , ( 2 ) the pure working time of the transport is increased by 20% ; ( 3 ) the time of the secondary crushing is reduced by 37% ; ( 4 ) The consumption of broken explosives is reduced by 8% ; ( 5 ) The cutting work on the horizontal layer is reduced by 25% .
It is a flat-bottomed bottom structure loaded with a loader of the Dajishan tungsten mine . The loader in the loading lane is used to load the mine car located in the transportation lane . The loading machine road is perpendicular to the transportation lane, and the spacing is 8~10m and the length is about 10m . The loading machine has a width of 2.2m and a height of 2~2.6 .
The advantages of this bottom structure: less excavation work, safe operation and high mining efficiency; cutting work is conducive to mechanized operation, improved working conditions and improved construction efficiency. The disadvantages are: The secondary crushing and ventilation conditions are poor, the equipment utilization rate of the loader is not high, and the equipment is easily damaged when the large block is fried.
The non-division screen used in the stage mining method of the deep hole collapse mine in the Dajishan tungsten mine has a flat bottom structure with a secondary crushing horizontal layer of gravity from the shovel.
The Dajishan tungsten mine was originally produced by electric shovel. Due to the large number of blocks, the effect was poor, and the steel rope was worn quickly, and the flat bottom structure was changed.
The advantages of the bottomless structure of the secondary crushing and self-sliding out of the mine are: ( 1 ) Without the sieve, the size of the qualified ore block can be increased from 300 to 400 mm to 600 mm, and (2) the sieve crushing chamber is eliminated. Installation and repair costs, ( 3 ) to eliminate the stoppage caused by damage to the grid.
The disadvantages of the bottomless structure of the secondary crushing and the secondary crushing are: ( 1 ) The ore block control is complicated. Therefore, the unqualified large block enters the slipping mine and undergoes secondary crushing in the lower part, resulting in the funnel. The destruction of the mouth device, ( 2 ) the amount of cutting and cutting work is large; ( 3 ) the labor used in the mining is large.
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